ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠤ ꠀꠞ꠆ꠎꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ
ꠍꠥꠞꠔ ꠢꠣꠟ
ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠥ ꠀꠞ꠆ꠎꠅ ꠜꠣꠡꠣꠁꠘ
ꠎꠦ ꠎꠤꠘꠤꠡꠞ | language family |
---|---|
ꠔꠟꠞ | Indo-Iranian ꠨ South Asian languages |
ꠎꠦꠟꠇꠞꠝꠣꠎꠦ ꠛꠣꠔꠣꠁꠖꠦꠅꠀ | Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition ꠨ Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia, vol. 6 |
Stack Exchange tag | https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/tags/indo-aryan |
ꠅꠋꠡ ꠀꠍꠦ | Dardic ꠨ Northern Indo-Aryan ꠨ Northwestern Indo-Aryan ꠨ Central Indo-Aryan ꠨ Eastern Indo-Aryan ꠨ Southern Indo-Aryan ꠨ Insular Indo-Aryan ꠨ Chinali–Lahul ꠨ Badeshi |
ꠇꠝꠘ꠆ꠔꠣꠔ ꠍꠛꠤꠘ | Indo-Aryan languages |
topic's main template | Template:Indo-Aryan languages |
ꠁ ꠐꠙꠤꠇꠞ ꠀꠡꠟ ꠙꠖ | Category:Indo-Aryan languages |
ꠀꠁꠄꠌꠅ 639-2 ꠇꠥꠒ | inc |
ISO 639-5 code | inc |
ꠛꠤꠄꠘꠄꠙ ꠀꠁꠒꠤ | 12649408b |
ꠎꠤꠄꠘꠒꠤ ꠀꠁꠒꠤ | 4133531-4 |
ꠁꠎꠞꠣꠁꠟꠤ ꠎꠣꠔꠤꠅ ꠟꠣꠁꠛ꠆ꠛꠦꠞꠤ ꠀꠁꠒꠤ | 987007548214005171 |
Library of Congress authority ID | sh85065695 |
National Library of Latvia ID | 000164315 |
ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠤ ꠀꠞ꠆ꠎꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ ꠘꠣꠄ ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠥ ꠀꠞꠤ ꠜꠣꠡꠣꠁꠘ
ꠢꠇꠟ ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠅ-ꠀꠞ꠆ꠎꠅ ꠝꠣꠔ ꠅꠞ ꠟꠞꠣꠢꠥꠘꠣꠞꠇꠟ ꠄꠇ꠆ꠟꠉꠦ ꠝꠤꠟꠣꠁꠀ ꠖꠦꠈꠣ
ꠝꠥꠀꠔꠤ | ꠝꠣꠔ | |
---|---|---|
ld | /iː i eː e ɨː ɨ əː ə aː a ɔː ɔ oː o uː u/ | ꠇꠣꠡ꠆ꠝꠤꠞꠤ |
lb | /ɪ iː ʊ uː e eː ə~ɐ əː o oː æ~ɛ a aː ɔ/ | ꠝꠘꠤꠙꠥꠞꠤ |
l৩ | /iː i eː e æː æ aː a ə oː o uː u/ | ꠡꠤꠋꠅꠟ |
l0 | /i ɪ e ɛ · a ə · ɔo ʊ u/ | ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠥꠍ꠆ꠔꠣꠘꠤ ꠨ ꠙꠣꠘ꠆ꠎꠣꠛꠤ ꠨ ꠡꠤꠘ꠆ꠗꠤ ꠨ ꠇꠣꠌ꠆ꠌꠤ ꠨ ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠇꠣ ꠨ ꠞꠣꠎꠤꠍ꠆ꠔꠣꠘꠤ |
9 | /i ɪ e æ~ɛ · a ə · o ʊ u/ | ꠙꠌ꠆ꠝꠞ ꠙꠣꠀꠠꠤ (ꠒꠥꠉ꠆ꠞꠤ ꠨ ꠞꠥꠗꠣꠞꠤ ꠨ ꠝꠣꠘ꠆ꠖꠦꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠙꠣꠋꠅꠣꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠈꠣꠡꠣꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠌꠥꠞꠣꠁ) ꠨ ꠡꠣꠞꠣꠁꠇꠤ |
/i ɪ e · a ə · ɔo ʊ u/ | ꠙꠌ꠆ꠝꠞ ꠙꠣꠀꠠꠤ (ꠡꠖꠌꠤ ꠨ ꠡꠥꠞꠈꠥꠟꠤ) | |
/i ɪ e ɛ · a · ɔo ʊ u/ | ꠙꠌ꠆ꠝꠞ ꠙꠣꠀꠠꠤ (ꠎꠘꠡꠣꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠢꠥꠟꠣꠡꠣꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠇꠥꠟ꠆ꠟꠥꠁ) | |
8 | /i e ɛ · a ə · ɔo u/ | ꠉꠥꠎ꠆ꠞꠣꠐꠤ |
/i e ɛ a · ɒ ɔ o u/ | ꠀꠡꠣꠝꠤ | |
/i ɪ e · a ə · o ʊ u/ | ꠢꠣꠟ꠆ꠛꠤ ꠨ ꠜꠣꠐ꠆ꠐꠤ ꠨ ꠙꠌ꠆ꠝꠞ ꠙꠣꠀꠠꠤ (ꠉꠠꠀꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠌꠣꠝꠦꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠉꠣꠖ꠆ꠖꠤ) | |
V | /i e æ · a · ɔo u/ | ꠛꠦꠋꠉꠟꠤ |
d | /i e a · ɔo u/ | ꠅꠠꠤꠀ ꠨ ꠛꠤꠡ꠆ꠘꠥꠙꠥꠞꠤ |
/i e · a ə · o u/ | ꠝꠣꠞꠣꠑꠤ ꠨ ꠘꠦꠙꠣꠟꠤ ꠟꠣꠝ꠆ꠛꠣꠖꠤ ꠨ ꠍꠣꠗ꠆ꠞꠤ | |
☽ | /i e · a · o u/ | ꠞꠥꠝꠣꠘꠤ (ꠁꠃꠞꠥꠙꠤ) |
/i e · a · ɔ u/ | ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ |
Nasals | Languages | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
/m/ | /n/ | /ɳ/ | /ɲ/ | /ŋ/ | |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Dogri ꠨ Kacchi ꠨ Kalasha ꠨ Rudhari ꠨ Shina ꠨ Saurashtri ꠨ Sindhi ꠨ Saraiki |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Sinhala |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Nepali ꠨[1] Kalami ꠨ Odia ꠨ Dhundhari ꠨ Pashayi ꠨ Marwari |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Dhivehi[2] |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Gujarati ꠨ Hindi ꠨ Kashmiri ꠨ Marathi ꠨ Punjabi ꠨ Rajasthani (Marwari) |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ ꠨ ꠘꠦꠙꠣꠟꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ ꠨ ꠀꠡꠣꠝꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ ꠛꠦꠋꠉꠟꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Urdu ꠨ Romani ꠨ Domari |
Stops | Languages | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
/p/ | /t̪/ | /ʈ/ ~ /t/ | /ʈ͡ʂ/ | /t͡ʃ/ ~ /t͡ɕ/ | /t͡s/ | /k/ | /q/ | |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Khowar ꠨ Shina ꠨ Bashkarik ꠨ Kalasha |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Gawarbati ꠨ Phalura ꠨ Shumashti ꠨ Kanyawali ꠨ Pashai |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Marathi ꠨ Konkani ꠨ certain W. Pahari dialects (Bhadrawahi ꠨ Bhalesi ꠨ Mandeali ꠨ Padari ꠨ Simla ꠨ Satlej ꠨ maybe Kulu) ꠨ Kashmiri ꠨ E. and N. dialects of Bengali (parts of Dhaka ꠨ Mymensingh ꠨ Rajshahi) |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Hindustani ꠨ Punjabi ꠨ Dogri ꠨ Sindhi ꠨ Gujarati ꠨ Sinhala ꠨ Odia ꠨ Standard Bengali ꠨ dialects of Rajasthani (except Lamani ꠨ NW. Marwari ꠨ S. Mewari) ꠨ Sanskrit ꠨[3] Prakrit ꠨ Pali ꠨ Maithili ꠨ Magahi ꠨ Bhojpuri |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Romani ꠨ Domari ꠨ Kholosi |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Nepali ꠨ dialects of Rajasthani (Lamani and NW. Marwari) ꠨ Northern Lahnda's Kagani ꠨ Kumauni ꠨ many West Pahari dialects (not Chamba Mandeali ꠨ Jaunsari ꠨ or Sirmauri) |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Rajasthani's S. Mewari |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Assamese |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | Chittagonian |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ |