ꠅꠤꠟꠤꠀꠝ ꠡꠦꠁꠇ꠆ꠍꠙꠤꠀꠞ
| ꠍꠛꠤ |  |
|---|---|
| ꠝꠣꠁ | Mary Shakespeare |
| ꠎꠦ ꠎꠤꠘꠤꠡꠞ | ꠝꠣꠘꠥ |
| National Library of Romania ID | 000202359 |
| ꠎꠘꠝ | ꠄꠙ꠆ꠞꠤꠟ     |
| ꠝꠞꠘ |   ꠄꠙ꠆ꠞꠤꠟ |
| ꠜꠤꠒꠤꠅ | |
| ꠖꠍ꠆ꠔꠉꠔ |  |
| ꠟꠤꠋꠉꠅ | ꠛꠦꠐꠣ |
| ꠎꠦ ꠖꠦꠡꠞ ꠘꠣꠉꠞꠤ | Kingdom of England |
| ꠘꠤꠎ ꠘꠣꠉ꠆ꠞꠤ ꠘꠣꠝ | William Shakespeare |
| ꠞꠣꠈꠣ ꠘꠣꠝ | William |
| ꠙꠞꠤꠛꠣꠞꠤ ꠘꠣꠝ | Shakespeare |
| ꠒꠣꠇ ꠘꠣꠝ | The Bard of Avon |
| ꠃꠌ꠆ꠌꠣꠞꠘꠇꠞꠤ ꠢꠥꠘꠣ | ꠨ |
ꠅꠤꠟꠤꠀꠝ ꠡꠦꠁꠇ꠆ꠍꠙꠤꠀꠞ (c. ২৩ ꠄꠙ꠆ꠞꠤꠟ ১৫৬৪ – ২৩ ꠄꠙ꠆ꠞꠤꠟ ১৬১৬) ꠀꠍꠟꠣ ꠄꠇꠎꠘ ꠁꠋꠞꠦꠎ ꠘꠣꠁꠐ꠆ꠐꠇꠣꠞ, ꠇꠛꠤ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠅꠜꠤꠘꠦꠔꠣ। ꠔꠣꠘꠞꠦ ꠁꠋꠞꠦꠎꠤ ꠝꠣꠔꠞ ꠡꠞ꠆ꠛꠍ꠆ꠞꠦꠡ꠆ꠑ ꠟꠦꠈꠇ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠛꠤꠡ꠆ꠡꠞ ꠅꠁꠘ꠆ꠘꠔꠝ ꠍ꠆ꠞꠦꠡ꠆ꠑ ꠘꠣꠁꠐ꠆ꠐꠇꠣꠞ ꠢꠤꠡꠣꠛꠦ ꠛꠦꠙꠇꠜꠣꠛꠦ ꠛꠤꠌꠦꠌꠘꠣ ꠇꠞꠣ ꠅꠄ। ꠔꠣꠘꠞꠦ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠣꠄꠃ ꠁꠋꠟꠦꠘ꠆ꠒꠞ ꠎꠣꠔꠤꠅ ꠇꠛꠤ ꠄꠛꠋ ‘ꠛꠣꠞ꠆ꠒ ꠅꠅ ꠄꠅꠘ’ ꠛꠣ ꠡꠋꠈꠦꠙꠦ ‘ꠖꠣ ꠛꠣꠞ꠆ꠒ’ ꠇꠅꠣ ꠅꠄ। ꠔꠣꠘ ꠛꠤꠖ꠆ꠖꠝꠣꠘ ꠞꠌꠘꠣꠛꠟꠤ, ꠡꠢꠎꠥꠉꠤꠔꠣꠝꠥꠟꠇ ꠇꠣꠝꠡꠢ, ꠙ꠆ꠞꠣꠄ ৩৯ꠐꠣ ꠘꠣꠐꠇ, ১৫৪ꠐꠣ ꠍꠘꠦꠐ, ꠔꠤꠘꠐꠣ ꠟꠣꠝꠛꠣ ꠀꠁꠇ꠆ꠈꠣꠘꠘꠝꠥꠟꠇ ꠇꠛꠤꠔꠣ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠀꠞꠅ ꠇꠤꠍꠥ ꠇꠛꠤꠔꠣ ꠟꠁꠀ ꠉꠑꠤꠔ, ꠎꠣꠞ ꠝꠣꠏꠦ ꠇꠤꠍꠥ ꠞꠌꠘꠣꠞ ꠟꠦꠈꠇꠔꠣ ꠟꠁꠀ ꠅꠘꠤꠡ꠆ꠌꠄꠅꠔꠣ ꠀꠍꠦ। ꠔꠣꠘ ꠘꠣꠐꠇꠉꠥꠁꠘ ꠛꠤꠡ꠆ꠡꠞ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠣꠄ ꠡꠛ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠣꠗꠣꠘ ꠎꠤꠔꠣ ꠜꠣꠡꠣꠄ ꠔꠞ꠆ꠎꠝꠣ ꠅꠁꠍꠦ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠅꠁꠘ꠆ꠘ ꠎꠦꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠘꠣꠁꠐ꠆ꠐꠇꠣꠞꠞ ꠔꠥꠟꠘꠣꠄ ꠛꠦꠡꠤ ꠝꠘ꠆ꠌꠍ꠆ꠕ ꠅꠄ। ꠡꠦꠁꠇ꠆ꠍꠙꠤꠀꠞ ꠄꠛꠧ ꠁꠋꠞꠦꠎꠤ ꠜꠣꠡꠣꠞ ꠡꠝ꠆ꠜꠛꠔ ꠡꠛꠌꠦ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠜꠣꠛꠡꠣꠟꠤ ꠟꠦꠈꠇ ꠢꠤꠡꠣꠛꠦ ꠛꠤꠌꠦꠛꠤꠔ, ꠄꠛꠋ ꠔꠣꠘ ꠞꠌꠘꠣꠁꠘ ꠀꠁꠎꠅ ꠅꠁꠖ꠆ꠗꠄꠅꠘ ꠀꠞ ꠘꠄꠀ ꠇꠞꠤ ꠛꠦꠇ꠆ꠈꠣ ꠇꠞꠣ ꠅꠄ।
ꠡꠦꠁꠇ꠆ꠍꠙꠤꠀꠞꠞ ꠎꠘ꠆ꠝ ꠀꠞ ꠛꠠ ꠅꠅꠣ ꠁꠋꠟꠦꠘ꠆ꠒꠞ ꠅꠣꠞꠅꠤꠇꠡꠣꠄꠀꠞꠞ ꠍ꠆ꠐ꠆ꠞꠦꠐꠚꠧꠞ꠆ꠒ-ꠀꠙꠘ-ꠄꠅꠘꠧ। ১৮ ꠛꠍꠞ ꠛꠄꠅꠡꠧ ꠔꠣꠁꠘ ꠄꠘ ꠢꠦꠕꠅꠦꠞꠦ ꠛꠤꠀ ꠇꠞꠂꠘ, ꠔꠣꠞꠣꠞ ꠔꠤꠘꠉꠥ ꠛꠣꠁꠌ꠆ꠌꠣ ꠅꠄ: ꠍꠥꠎꠣꠘꠣ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠎꠝꠎ ꠢꠦꠝꠘꠦꠐ ꠀꠞ ꠎꠥꠒꠤꠕ। ১৫৮৫ ꠕꠣꠇꠤ ১৫৯২ ꠡꠣꠟꠞ ꠝꠣꠏꠦ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠄꠇ ꠡꠝꠄ ꠔꠣꠁꠘ ꠟꠘ꠆ꠒꠘꠧ ꠄꠇꠎꠘ ꠅꠜꠤꠘꠦꠔꠣ, ꠟꠦꠈꠇ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠄꠇꠐꠣ ꠘꠣꠁꠐ꠆ꠐꠖꠟ “ꠟꠞ꠆ꠒ ꠌꠦꠝ꠆ꠛꠣꠞꠟꠦꠁꠘ꠆ꠍ ꠝꠦꠘ”-ꠅꠞ ꠅꠋꠡ-ꠝꠣꠟꠤꠇ (ꠡꠦꠀꠞꠢꠧꠟ꠆ꠒꠣꠞ) ꠢꠤꠡꠣꠛꠦ ꠡꠚꠟ ꠇꠦꠞꠤꠀꠞ ꠡꠥꠞꠥ ꠇꠞꠂꠘ; ꠙꠞꠦ ꠍ꠆ꠇꠐꠟꠦꠘ꠆ꠒꠞ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ ꠎꠦꠁꠝ꠆ꠍ ৬ ꠀꠞ ১ꠄ ꠁꠋꠞꠦꠎ ꠡꠤꠋꠢꠣꠡꠘꠧ ꠀꠞꠥꠢꠘ ꠇꠞꠣꠞ ꠙꠞꠦ ꠖꠟꠐꠣꠞ ꠘꠣꠝ ꠛꠖꠟꠤꠀ “ꠇꠤꠋꠍ ꠝꠦꠘ” ꠅꠄ। ৪৯ ꠛꠍꠞ ꠛꠄꠅꠡꠧ (ꠙ꠆ꠞꠣꠄ ১৬১৩ ꠡꠘꠧ) ꠔꠣꠁꠘ ꠍ꠆ꠐ꠆ꠞꠦꠐꠚꠧꠞ꠆ꠒꠧ ꠅꠛꠡꠞ ꠟꠁꠘ ꠛꠟꠤꠀ ꠝꠘꠧ ꠇꠞꠣ ꠅꠄ, ꠎꠦꠈꠣꠘꠧ ꠔꠤꠘ ꠛꠍꠞ ꠛꠣꠖꠦ ꠔꠣꠁꠘ ꠝꠣꠞꠣ ꠎꠣꠁꠘ। ꠡꠦꠁꠇ꠆ꠍꠙꠤꠀꠞꠞ ꠛꠦꠇ꠆ꠔꠤꠉꠔ ꠎꠤꠛꠘꠞ ꠈꠥꠛ ꠇꠝ ꠘꠕꠤ ꠐꠤꠇꠤꠀ ꠀꠍꠦ; ꠚꠟꠦ ꠔꠣꠘ ꠡꠣꠞꠤꠞꠤꠇ ꠌꠦꠞꠣ, ꠎꠃꠘꠔꠣ, ꠗꠞ꠆ꠝꠤꠅ ꠛꠤꠡ꠆ꠡꠣꠡ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠄꠝꠘꠇꠤꠔꠣ ꠔꠣꠘ ꠞꠌꠘꠣꠁꠘ ꠢꠣꠌꠣꠃ ꠔꠣꠘꠞꠃ ꠟꠦꠈꠣ ꠇꠤ ꠘꠣ—ꠁꠟꠣꠘ ꠘꠣꠘꠣ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠣꠘ꠆ꠔꠤꠇ ꠔꠔ꠆ꠔꠡꠢ ꠛꠦꠙꠇ ꠎꠟ꠆ꠙꠘꠣ-ꠇꠟ꠆ꠙꠘꠣꠞ ꠎꠘ꠆ꠝ ꠅꠁꠍꠦ।
ꠡꠦꠁꠇ꠆ꠍꠙꠤꠀꠞꠦ ꠔꠣꠘ ꠅꠗꠤꠇꠣꠋꠡ ꠙꠞꠤꠌꠤꠔ ꠞꠌꠘꠣ ১৫৮৯ ꠕꠣꠇꠤꠀ ১৬১৩ ꠡꠣꠟꠞ ꠝꠣꠏꠦ ꠟꠦꠈꠍꠂꠘ। ꠔꠣꠘ ꠙꠄꠟꠣ ꠘꠣꠐꠇꠣꠁꠘ ꠝꠥꠟꠔ ꠇꠝꠦꠒꠤ ꠀꠞ ꠁꠔꠤꠢꠣꠡꠜꠤꠔ꠆ꠔꠤꠇ ꠀꠍꠤꠟ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠁ ꠗꠣꠞꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠝꠣꠏꠦ ꠡꠦꠞꠣ ꠞꠌꠘꠣꠉꠥꠁꠘ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠇꠤꠍꠥ ꠢꠤꠡꠣꠛꠦ ꠛꠤꠛꠦꠌꠤꠔ ꠅꠄ। ꠄꠞ ꠙꠞꠦ ꠔꠣꠁꠘ ১৬০৮ ꠡꠣꠟ ꠙꠞ꠆ꠎꠘ꠆ꠔ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠗꠣꠘꠔ ꠐ꠆ꠞꠦꠎꠦꠒꠤ ꠟꠦꠈꠂꠘ, ꠎꠣꠞ ꠝꠣꠏꠦ ꠀꠍꠦ ꠢꠦꠝꠘꠦꠐ, ꠅꠗꠦꠟꠧ, ꠇꠤꠋ ꠟꠤꠀꠞ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠝꠦꠇꠛꠦꠕ—ꠎꠦꠉꠥꠁꠘ ꠁꠋꠞꠦꠎꠤ ꠡꠣꠢꠤꠔ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠡꠞ꠆ꠛꠍ꠆ꠞꠦꠡ꠆ꠑ ꠞꠌꠘꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠝꠣꠏꠦ ꠉꠂꠘ꠆ꠘ ꠅꠄ। ꠔꠣꠘ ꠇꠞ꠆ꠝꠎꠦꠛꠘꠞ ꠢꠦꠡ ꠙꠞ꠆ꠎꠣꠄꠄ ꠔꠣꠁꠘ ꠐ꠆ꠞꠦꠎꠤꠇꠝꠦꠒꠤ (ꠎꠦꠉꠥ ꠞꠧꠝꠣꠘ꠆ꠍ ꠘꠣꠝꠦꠅ ꠙꠞꠤꠌꠤꠔ) ꠟꠦꠈꠍꠂꠘ, ꠎꠦꠝꠘ ꠖꠣ ꠅꠤꠘ꠆ꠐꠣꠞ꠆ꠍ ꠐꠦꠁꠟ ꠀꠞ ꠖꠣ ꠐꠦꠝ꠆ꠙꠦꠍ꠆ꠐ, ꠄꠛꠋ ꠅꠁꠘ꠆ꠘꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠘ ꠘꠣꠁꠐ꠆ꠐꠇꠣꠞꠢꠇꠟꠞ ꠟꠉꠦ ꠎꠃꠕꠜꠣꠛꠦ ꠇꠣꠝ ꠇꠞꠍꠂꠘ।
ꠡꠦꠁꠇ꠆ꠍꠙꠤꠀꠞꠞ ꠛꠦꠡꠤꠞꠜꠣꠉ ꠘꠣꠐꠇ ꠔꠣꠘ ꠎꠤꠛꠖ꠆ꠖꠡꠣꠄ ꠛꠤꠜꠤꠘ꠆ꠘ ꠝꠣꠘ ꠀꠝ ꠘꠤꠞ꠆ꠜꠥꠟꠔꠣꠞ ꠡꠋꠡ꠆ꠇꠞꠘꠧ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠇꠣꠡꠤꠔ ꠅꠁꠍꠤꠟ। ꠅꠁꠟꠦ ১৬২৩ ꠡꠣꠟꠧ ꠔꠣꠘ ꠡꠢꠇꠞ꠆ꠝꠤ ꠅꠜꠤꠘꠦꠔꠣ ꠀꠞ ꠛꠘ꠆ꠗꠥ ꠎꠘ ꠢꠦꠝꠤꠋ ꠀꠞ ꠢꠦꠘ꠆ꠞꠤ ꠇꠘ꠆ꠒꠦꠟꠦ ‘ꠚꠣꠞ꠆ꠍ꠆ꠐ ꠚꠧꠟꠤꠅ’ ꠘꠣꠝꠦ ꠄꠇꠐꠣ ꠅꠗꠤꠇ ꠘꠤꠞ꠆ꠜꠞꠎꠥꠁꠉ꠆ꠉ ꠡꠋꠡ꠆ꠇꠞꠘ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠇꠣꠡ ꠇꠞꠂꠘ, ꠎꠦꠇꠐꠣ ꠔꠣꠘ ꠝꠞꠣꠞ ꠛꠣꠖꠦ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠇꠣꠡꠤꠔ ꠘꠣꠁꠐ꠆ꠐꠡꠋꠇꠟꠘ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠁꠉꠥꠔ ꠔꠣꠘ ৩৬ꠐꠣ ꠘꠣꠐꠇ ꠅꠘ꠆ꠔꠞ꠆ꠜꠥꠇ꠆ꠔ ꠀꠍꠤꠟ। ꠁꠉꠥꠞ ꠜꠥꠝꠤꠇꠣꠔ ꠛꠦꠘ ꠎꠘꠍꠘꠦ, ꠡꠦꠁꠇ꠆ꠍꠙꠤꠀꠞꠞ ꠄꠇ ꠡꠝꠄꠇꠣꠞ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠔꠤꠖ꠆ꠖꠘ꠆ꠖꠤ, ꠄꠇꠐꠣ ꠖꠥꠞꠖꠞ꠆ꠡꠤ ꠇꠛꠤꠔꠣ ꠟꠦꠈꠂꠘ ꠎꠦꠈꠣꠘꠧ ꠔꠣꠁꠘ ꠡꠦꠁꠇ꠆ꠍꠙꠤꠀꠞꠞ ꠔꠣꠞꠤꠚ ꠇꠞꠤꠀ ꠛꠤꠇ꠆ꠈꠣꠔꠜꠣꠛꠦ ꠇꠁꠘ: “not of an age, but for all time”—ꠅꠞ꠆ꠔꠣꠔ “ꠔꠣꠁꠘ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠄꠇꠐꠣ ꠎꠥꠉꠞ ꠘꠣꠄ, ꠛꠞꠋ ꠌꠤꠞꠇꠣꠟꠞ ꠟꠣꠉꠤ।”
