ꠡꠤꠘ꠆ꠗꠥ ꠡꠂꠛ꠆ꠜꠔꠣ
ꠡꠤꠘ꠆ꠗꠥ ꠡꠂꠛ꠆ꠜꠔꠣ[1] (IVC) ꠀꠍꠤꠟ ꠖꠇ꠆ꠈꠤꠘ ꠄꠡꠤꠁꠣꠞ ꠃꠔ꠆ꠔꠞ-ꠙꠌ꠆ꠍꠤꠝꠣꠘ꠆ꠌꠟꠧ ꠛꠤꠇꠡꠤꠔ ꠄꠉꠥ ꠛ꠆ꠞꠧꠘ꠆ꠎ ꠎꠥꠉꠤꠁ ꠡꠂꠛ꠆ꠜꠔꠣ⁕[2] ꠁꠉꠥ ৩৩০০ ꠈ꠆ꠞꠤꠡ꠆ꠐꠙꠥꠞ꠆ꠛꠣꠛ꠆ꠖ ꠕꠣꠇꠤ I৩০০ ꠈ꠆ꠞꠤꠡ꠆ꠐꠙꠥꠞ꠆ꠛꠣꠛ꠆ꠖ ꠙꠞ꠆ꠎꠘ꠆ꠔ ꠍ꠆ꠕꠣꠁ ꠀꠍꠤꠟ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠁꠉꠥꠞ ꠙꠞꠤꠘꠔ ꠙꠞ꠆ꠎꠣꠄ ᚴᑯ০০ ꠈ꠆ꠞꠤꠡ꠆ꠐꠙꠥꠞ꠆ꠛꠣꠛ꠆ꠖ ꠕꠘꠦ I৭০০ ꠈ꠆ꠞꠤꠡ꠆ꠐꠙꠥꠞ꠆ꠛꠣꠛ꠆ꠖ ꠙꠞ꠆ꠎꠘ꠆ꠔ ꠍꠤꠔ꠆ꠞꠣꠁꠟ ꠀꠍꠤꠟ⁕ꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memoryꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memory[lower-alpha 1] ꠙꠥꠞꠣꠘ ꠝꠤꠡꠞ, ꠝꠦꠍꠧꠙꠧꠔꠣꠝꠤꠀ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠌꠤꠘꠞ ꠟꠉꠦ ꠁꠇꠐꠣ ꠙꠥꠞꠣꠘ ꠖꠥꠘꠤꠀꠞ ꠌꠣꠁꠞꠉꠥ ꠡꠂꠛ꠆ꠜꠔꠣꠞ ꠇꠦꠘ꠆ꠖ꠆ꠞꠞ ꠅꠂꠘ꠆ꠘꠔꠝ ꠀꠍꠤꠟ⁕ ꠁꠉꠥ ꠝꠤꠡꠞ ꠀꠞ ꠝꠦꠍꠧꠙꠧꠔꠣꠝꠤꠀꠞ ꠡꠝ꠆ꠝꠤꠟꠤꠔ ꠛꠤꠍ꠆ꠔ꠆ꠞꠤꠔꠤꠞ ꠕꠘꠦꠅ ꠛꠠ ꠅꠘ꠆ꠌꠟꠧ ꠍꠤꠔ꠆ꠞꠣꠁꠟ ꠀꠍꠤꠟ⁕[3] ꠁꠇꠐꠣ ꠛꠞ꠆ꠔꠝꠣꠘ ꠙꠣꠇꠤꠍ꠆ꠔꠣꠘꠞ ꠛꠦꠡꠤꠞꠜꠣꠉ ꠅꠋꠡ, ꠃꠔ꠆ꠔꠞ-ꠙꠌ꠆ꠍꠤ ꠜꠣꠞꠔ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠃꠔ꠆ꠔꠞ-ꠙꠥꠛ ꠀꠚꠉꠣꠘꠤꠍ꠆ꠔꠣꠘ ꠎꠥꠠꠤꠀ ꠛꠤꠍ꠆ꠔ꠆ꠞꠤꠔ ꠀꠍꠤꠟ⁕ꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memoryꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memory[lower-alpha 2]
ꠁ ꠡꠂꠛ꠆ꠜꠔꠣ ꠡꠤꠘ꠆ꠗꠥ ꠉꠣꠋꠉꠞ ꠙꠟꠟ ꠡꠝꠜꠥꠝꠤꠔ ꠄꠛꠋ ꠄꠇꠡꠝꠄ ꠊꠉ꠆ꠉꠞ-ꠢꠇꠠꠣ ꠉꠣꠋꠉꠞ ꠇꠣꠘ꠆ꠗꠣꠇꠣꠍꠣ ꠛꠣꠄ ꠛꠁꠀ ꠌꠤꠞꠙ꠆ꠞꠛꠢꠝꠣꠘ ꠛꠣꠞꠤꠀꠇꠣꠟꠤꠘ ꠉꠣꠋꠢꠇꠟꠞ ꠄꠇꠐꠣ ꠛꠦꠛꠍ꠆ꠕꠣꠞ ꠔꠤꠞꠛꠞ꠆ꠔꠤ ꠄꠟꠣꠇꠣꠔ ꠛꠤꠇꠡꠤꠔ ꠅꠁꠍꠤꠟ⁕ ꠊꠉ꠆ꠉꠞ-ꠢꠇꠠꠣ ꠀꠍꠤꠟ ꠃꠔ꠆ꠔꠞ-ꠙꠌ꠆ꠍꠤꠝ ꠜꠣꠞꠔ ꠀꠞ ꠙꠥꠛ ꠙꠣꠇꠤꠍ꠆ꠔꠣꠘꠞ ꠄꠉꠥ ꠝꠧꠃꠡꠥꠝꠤ ꠉꠣꠋ⁕ꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memoryꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memoryꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memoryꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memory
- ↑ Wright: "Mesopotamia and Egypt ... co-existed with the Indus civilization during its florescence between ᚴᑯ০০ and I৭০০ BC."ꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memoryꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memory
- ↑ Wright: "The Indus civilisation is one of three in the 'Ancient East' that, along with Mesopotamia and Pharaonic Egypt, was a cradle of early civilisation in the Old World (Childe, I৭☽০). Mesopotamia and Egypt were longer-lived, but coexisted with Indus civilisation during its florescence between ᚴᑯ০০ and I৭০০ B.C. Of the three, the Indus was the most expansive, extending from today's northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and India."ꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memoryꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memory
ꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memory
- ↑ ꠐꠦꠝ꠆ꠙꠟꠦꠐ:Harvnb
- ↑ ꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memory
- ↑ ꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memory
ꠟꠥꠀ ꠔ꠆ꠞꠥꠐꠤ: not enough memory